Background context Psychological factors are believed to influence the development of
chronic low back pain. To date, it is not known how fear-avoidance beliefs (FABs) influence …

In this research, meta-analyses were performed to evaluate associations between primary
appraisals of pain as a source of threat and/or challenge and responses to 1) noxious …

Abstract Background The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), an instrument for
measuring fear of movement/(re) injury, has been confirmed as an important predictor for the …

Background context The fear-avoidance model offers a promising framework for
understanding the development of chronic postoperative pain and disability. However …

Emerging evidence suggests that the appraisal of pain and disability in terms of justice-
related themes contributes to adverse pain outcomes. To date, however, research on the …

Study Design. Validation of 2 self-report questionnaires. Objective. To evaluate the internal
consistency, reliability, and construct validity of the Persian versions of the fear avoidance …

Purpose: To describe the approach used by a physiotherapist who led a rehabilitation
programme for injured members of the military with chronic low back pain designed to …

Objective: Recent research has linked perceptions of injustice to problematic recovery
outcomes for individuals with musculoskeletal injuries. However, the measure currently used …

Abstract Background The United States has the highest rate of lumbar spine surgery in the
world, with rates increasing over 200% since 1990. Medicare spends over $1 billion …

Observational learning may contribute to development and maintenance of pain-related
beliefs and behaviors. The current study examined whether observation of video primes …