Increasing evidence underlines that prototypical inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-
6) either synthesized in the central (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS) by resident …

Brain infarction causes tissue death by ischemia due to occlusion of the cerebral vessels
and recent work has shown that post stroke inflammation contributes significantly to the …

Neuroinflammation is the local reaction of the brain to infection, trauma, toxic molecules or
protein aggregates. The brain resident macrophages, microglia, are able to trigger an …

Neuroglia, the “glue” that fills the space between neurons in the central nervous system,
takes active part in nerve cell signaling. Neuroglial cells, astroglia, oligodendroglia, and …

Inflammation is the key host-defense response to infection and injury, yet also a major
contributor to a diverse range of diseases, both peripheral and central in origin. Brain injury …

Background Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with cognitive impairment during
depressed, manic and euthymic periods. Inflammation has been shown to be involved in the …

Neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system are characterized by
pathogenetic cellular and molecular changes in specific areas of the brain that lead to the …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is induced by mechanical forces which initiate a cascade of
secondary injury processes, including inflammation. Therapies which resolve the …

Cerebral hypoxia/ischemia rapidly induces inflammation in the brain, which is characterized
by microglial activation and the release of inflammatory cytokines. We have previously …

Objective: To provide additional details and evidence behind the recommendations for
outcomes assessment of patients with pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome from the …