The developing human brain is shaped by environmental exposures—for better or worse.
Many exposures relevant to mental health are genuinely social in nature or believed to have …

Over the last decade, several candidate genes (ie, MAOA, DRD4, DRD2, DAT1, 5-HTTLPR,
and COMT) have been extensively studied as potential moderators of the detrimental effects …

Childhood maltreatment is a serious individual, familial, and societal threat that
compromises healthy development and is associated with lasting alterations to emotion …

Background Many studies have revealed a widespread pattern of gray matter (GM) atrophy
by using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies involving the pathophysiology of alcohol …

Objective: Childhood maltreatment is associated with various cognitive deficits, including
inhibitory deficits and hypersensitivity to negative feedback. The authors used a stop-signal …

While maltreatment is known to impact social and emotional functioning, threat processing,
and neural structure, the potentially dimorphic influence of sex on these outcomes remains …

Major unipolar depression is a significant global health problem, with the highest incident
risk being during adolescence. A depressive illness during this period is associated with …

Child maltreatment increases the risk for psychiatric disorders throughout childhood and into
adulthood. One negative outcome of child maltreatment can be a disorder of emotional …

Rationale Lithium is the mainstay for the treatment of bipolar disorder (BD) and inhibits
glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). The less active GSK-3β promoter gene variants …

Childhood maltreatment has been shown to increase the risk of a range of psychiatric
disorders including substance use disorders (SUDs) and is associated with the onset …