The relationship between developmental exposure to adversity and affective disorders is
reviewed. Adversity discussed herein includes physical and sexual abuse, neglect, or loss of …

Background Early life stress (ELS) can compromise development, with higher amounts of
adversity linked to behavioral problems. To understand this linkage, a growing body of …

This chapter describes the current state of knowledge regarding the developmental
neurobiology of stress, its relation to psychiatric disorders, and the impact of early adverse …

In order to assess the effects of child/adolescent sexual abuse (CSA/ASA) on the victim's
probability of developing symptoms of depression and anxiety, to quantify injury in …

Background Population-representative surveys that assess childhood maltreatment and
health are a valuable resource to explore the implications of child maltreatment for …

Objective: To investigate the effect of childhood life events and childhood trauma on the
onset and recurrence of depressive and/or anxiety disorders over a 2-year period in …

Introduction Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and associations with
adult health may vary by gender and military service. This study compares the gender …

Vagal tone is a measure of cardiovascular function that facilitates adaptive responses to
environmental challenge. Low vagal tone is associated with poor emotional and attentional …

Childhood maltreatment has been linked to numerous negative health outcomes. However,
few studies have examined mediating processes using longitudinal designs or objectively …

Child maltreatment (CM) is associated with poor long-term health outcomes. However,
knowledge about CM prevalence and related consequences is scarce among adults in …