Cortisol measurements in blood, saliva and urine are frequently used to examine the
hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in clinical practice and in research. However …

Background Stress is an established important contributor to the development of mental
illness and stress related disorders. The biology implicated in the homeostasis of …

Background Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) is the method
of choice for quantification of steroids. Human scalp hair provides the possibility to measure …

Prolonged stress is a potentially harmful and often undetected risk factor for chronic illness
in older adults. Cortisol, one indicator of the body's hormonal responses to stress, is …

Background: Hair cortisol levels are used increasingly as a measure for chronic stress in
young children. We propose modifications to the current methods used for hair cortisol …

Increasingly, measures of glucocorticoid levels (eg, cortisol), key components of the
neuroendocrine stress axis, are being used to measure past hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal …

Objective Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased
risk of metabolic complications such as dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance and hypertension; …

Background: Asthma is the most common chronic condition in childhood, and the
recommended pharmacotherapy for long-term control includes the use of inhaled …

The objective of this chapter is to present selected clinical applications of hair analysis
published in the last decade, to highlight the tremendous potential of this matrix. Due to …

将毛发皮质醇激素作为反映慢性应激程度的黄金标准具有前瞻性和创新性. 毛发皮质醇激素不仅
可用于检测及估计动物慢性应激程度, 且有助于了解动物体生理病理过程 …