Since the advent of nanoparticle technology, novel and versatile properties of nanomaterials
have been introduced, which has constantly expanded their applications in therapeutics …

This book presents a review of a rapidly developing field of viral nanotechnology in the
context of immunology, virology, microbiology, chemistry, physics, and mathematical …

Crosslinking of IgE bound FcεRI on mast cells and basophils by multivalent antigen leads to
degranulation and the release of key inflammatory mediators that stimulate the allergic …

Cells rapidly repair plasma membrane (PM) damage by a process requiring Ca2+-
dependent lysosome exocytosis. Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) released from lysosomes …

Livestock vaccines aim to increase livestock product and improve the health and welfare of
livestock animals in a cost-efficient manner and prevent disease transmission. Successful …

Vaccines are among the most successful and cost-effective public health interventions ever
devised. Up until the 1980s, most viral vaccines were based on attenuated or inactivated …

Antibodies generated by B cells neutralize pathogens and pathogen-secreted toxins and
flag them for immune clearance. Antibody responses are initiated via binding of cognate …