Coevolution of humans and malaria parasites has generated an intricate balance between
the immune system of the host and virulence factors of the parasite, equilibrating maximal …

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is critical for controlling many intracellular infections, but can
also contribute to inflammation. It can promote the destruction of important cell populations …

Highlights•Natural malaria infections induce suboptimal memory CD8 T cell
responses.•Natural malaria infections do not induce sterilizing immunity.•Immunization with …

The development of immunoregulatory networks is important to prevent disease. However,
these same networks allow pathogens to persist and reduce vaccine efficacy. Here, we …

Identifying molecular predictors and mechanisms of malaria disease is important for
understanding how Plasmodium falciparum malaria is controlled. Transcriptomic studies in …

Malaria remains a global health burden causing significant morbidity, yet the mechanisms
underlying disease outcomes and protection are poorly understood. Herein, we analyzed …

In acute Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) malaria, the pro-and anti-inflammatory
immune pathways must be delicately balanced so that the parasitemia is controlled without …

CD4+ T cells that produce IFN-γ are the source of host-protective IL-10 during primary
infection with a number of different pathogens, including Plasmodium spp. The fate of these …

Immune-mediated pathology in interleukin-10 (IL-10)-deficient mice during blood-stage
malaria infection typically manifests in nonlymphoid organs, such as the liver and lung …

Background Naturally acquired immunity to malaria may be lost with lack of exposure.
Recent heterogeneous reductions in transmission in parts of Africa mean that large …