Highlights•Allergy is increasing in prevalence and pharmacotherapy alone cannot control
the disease.•Allergy immunotherapy induces immunological tolerance and changes the …

Background Regulatory dendritic cell (DC) markers, such as C1Q, are upregulated in
PBMCs of patients with grass pollen allergy exhibiting clinical benefit during allergen …

Allergic diseases often occur early in life and persist throughout life. This life-course
perspective should be considered in allergen immunotherapy. In particular it is essential to …

Background Although most children with asthma and rhinitis are sensitized to aeroallergens,
only a minority of sensitized children are symptomatic, implying the underlying operation of …

Background Although the hygiene hypothesis suggests that microbial infections could
subvert asthma and thus a microbial product might serve as a therapeutic adjuvant for …

Background Studies of a limited number of allergens suggested that nonsensitized children
produce IgG responses mainly to foodborne allergens, whereas IgE-sensitized children also …

Background Allergen immunotherapy is an effective treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.
Clinical efficacy is associated with improvement of basophil sensitivity and an increase in …

Background Specific immunotherapy (SIT) is the only treatment with proved long-term
curative potential in patients with allergic disease. Allergen-specific IgE is the causative …

Allergic diseases are characterized by the seasonally recurring production of T helper 2
(TH2) cytokines (eg, Interleukin [IL]-4, IL-5, and IL-13), which drive the production of allergen …

The National Institutes of Health Biomarkers Definitions Working Group defines a biomarker
(BMK) as “a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of …