The clinical development of checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy has ushered in an
exciting era of anticancer therapy. Durable responses can be seen in patients with …

Lung cancer has a poor prognosis; over half of people diagnosed with lung cancer die
within one year of diagnosis and the 5-year survival is less than 18%. Non-small cell lung …

Background Patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and
neck after platinum chemotherapy have a very poor prognosis and limited therapeutic …

Background Limited evidence exists to show that adding a third agent to platinum-doublet
chemotherapy improves efficacy in the first-line advanced non-small-cell lung cancer …

With recent approvals for multiple therapeutic antibodies that block cytotoxic T lymphocyte
associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) in melanoma …

Antibody blockade of the inhibitory CTLA-4 pathway has led to clinical benefit in a subset of
patients with metastatic melanoma. Anti-CTLA-4 enhances T cell responses, including …

Background Outcomes are poor for patients with previously treated, advanced or metastatic
non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody …

Background Despite recent advances in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung
cancer, there remains a need for effective treatments for progressive disease. We assessed …

The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD-1)
immune checkpoints are negative regulators of T-cell immune function. Inhibition of these …

Background Treatments for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) after failure of platinum-based
chemotherapy are limited. We assessed safety and activity of nivolumab and nivolumab plus …