Septic patients experience chronic immunosuppression resulting in enhanced susceptibility
to infections normally controlled by T cells. Clinical research on septic patients has shown …

Cells communicate with each other through the production and secretion of cytokines, which
are integral to the host response to infection. Once recognized by specific cytokine receptors …

A gold standard of antiviral vaccination has been the safe and effective live-attenuated 17D-
based yellow fever virus (YFV) vaccines. Among more than 500 million vaccinees, only a …

Patients surviving acute stages of sepsis often display impaired adaptive-immune
responses. Using the cecal ligation and puncture model, we demonstrated that sepsis leads …

CD8 T lymphocytes are a major cell population of the adaptive immune system. A
fundamental characteristic of the CD8 T lymphocyte pool is that it is composed of millions of …

Rationale Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fatal lung disease. While it
has been suggested that T cells may contribute to IPF pathogenesis, these studies have …

Recent findings have revealed roles for systemic and mucosa-resident memory CD8+ T
cells in the orchestration of innate immune responses critical to host defense upon microbial …

Over the past decades, the dichotomy between innate and adaptive immune responses has
largely dominated our understanding of immunology. Upon primary encounter with microbial …

Naïve CD8+ T lymphocytes responding to microbial pathogens give rise to effector T cells
that provide acute defense and memory T cells that provide long-lived immunity. Upon …

CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) is one of promising nucleic acid‐based adjuvants. We
recently improved its ability to enhance CD8+ T‐cell responses to coadministered protein …