Voltage‐gated calcium channels are essential players in many physiological processes in
excitable cells. There are three main subdivisions of calcium channel, defined by the pore …

Voltage-gated calcium channels are important regulators of brain, heart and muscle
functions, and their dysfunction can give rise to pathophysiological conditions ranging from …

Dopamine‐releasing neurons within the Substantia nigra (SN DA) are particularly
vulnerable to degeneration compared to other dopaminergic neurons. The age‐dependent …

L-type calcium channels are present in most electrically excitable cells and are needed for
proper brain, muscle, endocrine and sensory function. There is accumulating evidence for …

Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a selective loss of
dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The earliest biochemical signs of the disease …

Mutations in β-glucocerebrosidase (encoded by GBA1) cause Gaucher disease (GD), a
lysosomal storage disorder, and increase the risk of developing Parkinson disease (PD) …

CaV1. 3 channels regulate excitability in many neurons. As is the case for all voltage-gated
channels, it is widely assumed that individual CaV1. 3 channels behave independently with …

Parkinson's disease is a disabling hypokinetic neurological movement disorder in which the
aetiology is unknown in the majority of cases. Current pharmacological treatments, though …

Pacemaker activity of the sino‐atrial node generates the heart rate. Disease of the sinus
node and impairment of atrioventricular conduction induce an excessively low ventricular …

The dynamics of neuronal excitability determine the neuron's response to stimuli, its
synchronization and resonance properties and, ultimately, the computations it performs in …