Images projected onto the retina of an animal eye are rarely still. Instead, they usually
contain motion signals originating either from moving objects or from retinal slip caused by …

Analysing computations in neural circuits often uses simplified models because the actual
neuronal implementation is not known. For example, a problem in vision, how the eye …

The perception of visual motion is critical for animal navigation, and flies are a prominent
model system for exploring this neural computation. In Drosophila, the T4 cells of the …

Detecting the direction of motion contained in the visual scene is crucial for many behaviors.
However, because single photoreceptors only signal local luminance changes, motion …

Animals rely on dedicated sensory circuits to extract and encode environmental features.
How individual neurons integrate and translate these features into behavioral responses …

Many animals rely on vision to detect objects such as conspecifics, predators, and prey.
Hypercomplex cells found in feline cortex and small target motion detectors found in …

The Drosophila visual system has become a premier model for probing how neural diversity
is generated during development. Recent work has provided deeper insight into the …

Visual systems transduce, process and transmit light-dependent environmental cues.
Computation of visual features depends on photoreceptor neuron types (PR) present …

Optogenetic channels and ion pumps have become indispensable tools in neuroscience to
manipulate neuronal activity and thus to establish synaptic connectivity and behavioral …

In the fruit fly optic lobe, T4 and T5 cells represent the first direction-selective neurons, with
T4 cells responding selectively to moving brightness increments (ON) and T5 cells to …