While trait positive emotionality and state positive-valence affect have long been the subject
of intense study, the importance of differentiating among several “discrete” positive emotions …

The study of diverse animal groups allows us to discern the evolution of the neurobiology of
nociception. Nociception functions as an important alarm system alerting the individual to …

Highlights•Infants form attachment to their caregiver despite the quality of parenting.•Parents
program emotionality via regulation of infant physiology.•Parental nurturance and caregiver …

After reviewing the literature on current knowledge about consciousness in humans, we
present a state-of-the art discussion on consciousness and related key concepts in animals …

Despite their common use as model organisms in scientific experiments, pain and suffering
in insects remains controversial and poorly understood. Here we explore potential pain …

The increasing importance of zebrafish as a biomedical model organism is reflected by the
steadily growing number of publications and laboratories working with this species …

The necessity to prevent and manage pain in reptiles is becoming increasingly important, as
their use in scientific research and popularity as exotic pets continues to rise. It was …

The study was designed to investigate the involvement of noradrenergic and serotonergic
receptor systems in the modulation of formalin‐induced pain‐related behaviour in the …

Invertebrates constitute more than 90% of all species on earth, however, as a rule, humans
do not regard invertebrates as creatures that can suffer and they are generally seen as …

The welfare of invertebrates is overlooked and their needs are not understood. It is assumed
that they do not experience pain and suffering. Studies on decapod crustaceans challenge …