Coronary artery disease (CAD) is responsible for more than 7 million deaths worldwide. In
the early stages of the development of atherosclerotic plaques, cardiovascular risk factors …

Background and aims Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) has emerged as a
popular target in the development of new cholesterol-lowering drugs and therapeutic …

The axis between lipid oxidation products and cell death is explicitly linked. 4-
Hydroxynonenal (HNE), as well as other lipid oxidation products was also established to …

We recently reported that increased NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression and activity
during aging results in enhanced cellular and mitochondrial oxidative stress, vascular …

Background Hyperphosphatemia is a major factor promoting the formation of arterial medial
calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, arterial medial calcification begins …

Background and aims Whether EPA and DHA exert similar anti-inflammatory effects through
modulation of gene expression in immune cells remains unclear. The aim of the study was to …

The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) is one of transcription factors. A high interest in studying
the biological role of the signal system and its contribution to the development of …

Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression and peroxynitrite formation are significantly
increased in diabetic vascular tissues. Transcription factor KLF5 activates iNOS gene …

The transformation of monocyte-derived macrophages into lipid-laden foam cells is one
inflammatory process underlying atherosclerotic disease. Previous studies have …

Objective—Circulating levels of cardiotonic steroids (CTS) are elevated in various chronic
inflammatory conditions, but the role of CTS in inflammation remains largely unknown. We …