The natural history of cirrhosis is characterised by an asymptomatic compensated phase
followed by a decompensated phase, marked by the development of overt clinical signs, the …

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a frequent pulmonary complication of end-stage liver
disease, characterized by impaired arterial oxygenation induced by intrapulmonary vascular …

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is characterized by significant hemodynamic
disturbances and anesthetic challenges. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography …

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a severe complication of cirrhosis with increased risk
of mortality. Pulmonary microvascular alterations are key features of HPS; but underlying …

In some forms of liver disease there is a single cause, for example in hepatitis B and C,
primary biliary cirrhosis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Operations on the biliary tract …

Background Cirrhosis is a significant cause of death in the US and has a variety of causes,
most commonly Hepatitis C and alcohol. Liver fibrosis and nodule formation result in …

Abstract Background & Aims Pulmonary transit time (PTT) is the transit time of blood from the
right side of the heart to the left side of the heart. The aim of the present study was to …

The present document is a second contribution collecting the recommendations of an expert
panel of transplant hepatologists appointed by the Italian Association for the Study of the …

The first perioperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) guidelines published 21
years ago were mainly addressed to cardiac anesthesiologists. TEE has since expanded its …

Abstract Background/Aims Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is characterized by a defect
in oxygenation induced by pulmonary vascular dilatation in cirrhosis. While severe HPS is …