Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication following cardiac surgery performed on
cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and has important implications for prognosis. The aetiology …

Objectives: Angiotensin II is an emerging therapy for septic acute kidney injury, but it is
unknown if its vasoconstrictor action induces renal hypoxia. We therefore examined the …

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common after cardiac surgery and profoundly
affects postoperative mortality and morbidity. There are no validated methods to assess risk …

The renal medulla is prone to hypoxia. Medullary hypoxia is postulated to be a leading
cause of acute kidney injury, so there is considerable interest in predicting the oxygen …

Expansion of extracellular fluid volume with crystalloid solutions is a common medical
intervention, but its effects on renal cortical and medullary oxygenation are poorly …