Perception and perceptual decision-making are strongly facilitated by prior knowledge about
the probabilistic structure of the world. While the computational benefits of using prior …

We have come to recognize the brain as a predictive organ, anticipating attributes of the
incoming sensory stimulation to guide perception and action in the service of adaptive …

Timing is critical to most forms of learning, behavior, and sensory-motor processing.
Converging evidence supports the notion that, precisely because of its importance across a …

Predictive coding is possibly one of the most influential, comprehensive, and controversial
theories of neural function. While proponents praise its explanatory potential, critics object …

A hallmark of higher brain function is the ability to rapidly and flexibly adjust behavioral
responses based on internal and external cues. Here, we examine the computational …

Our ability to make sense of the auditory world results from neural processing that begins in
the ear, goes through multiple subcortical areas, and continues in the cortex. The specific …

Olfaction is an important sensory modality driving fundamental behaviors. During odor-
dependent learning, a positive value is commonly assigned to an odorant, and multiple …

Time is relative. Changes in cognitive state or sensory context make it appear to speed up or
slow down. Our perception of time is a rather fragile mental construct derived from the way …

The hippocampus is divided into dorsal and ventral zones along its principal axis. The
dorsal hippocampus is critical for learning and memory, yet the basic function of the ventral …

Essential to spatial orientation in the natural environment is a dynamic representation of
direction and distance to objects. Despite the importance of 3D spatial localization to parse …