Hypertrophic scars (HTS) are predominant diseases after burn and trauma, which cause
severe physiological and psychological problems. HTS have been researched for decades …

Two-dimensional nanomaterials, an ultrathin class of materials such as graphene,
nanoclays, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and transition metal oxides (TMOs) …

Connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF) is a matricellular protein that is
overexpressed in progressive human renal diseases, mainly in fibrotic areas. In vitro studies …

Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a dermal fibroproliferative disease characterized by fibroblast over-
proliferation, overproduction, and deposition of the extracellular matrix. Growing evidence …

Hypertrophic scarring is a serious fibrotic skin disease, and the abnormal activation of
hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) intensifies its pathogenesis. Our previous studies have …

Pirfenidone (PFD) is a synthetic small molecule inhibitor with demonstrated anti-
inflammatory and antifibrotic properties in vitro and in vivo. The exact mechanism (s) of PFD …

Diabetic patients are able to manage their blood glucose with exogenous insulin but,
ultimately, remain at risk of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Long‑term use of insulin may lead to …

A potential alternative for tissue transplants is tissue engineering, in which the interaction of
cells and biomaterials can be optimized. Tissue development in vitro depends on the …

Pressure therapy has been proved to be an effective treatment for hypertrophic scars in a
clinical setting. However, evidence-based data are controversial and the precise mechanism …

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a novel fibrotic mediator, which is considered to
mediate fibrosis through extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in diabetic cardiovascular …