Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a dual role in fruit–pathogen interaction, which largely
depends on their different levels in cells. Fruit recognition of a pathogen immediately triggers …

Cell-to-cell communication and cell fusion are fundamental biological processes across the
tree of life. Survival is often dependent upon being able to identify nearby individuals and …

Soil‐inhabiting fungal pathogens use chemical signals to locate and colonise the host plant.
In the vascular wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum, hyphal chemotropism towards tomato roots …

During interactions, both plants and pathogens produce reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Plants generate ROS for defense induction, while pathogens synthesize ROS for growth …

The NADPH oxidases (NOX) catalyze the production of superoxide by transferring electrons
from NADPH to O 2, in a regulated manner. In Neurospora crassa NOX-1 is required for …

Fungi are prone to phenotypic instability, that is, the vegetative phase of these organisms, be
they yeasts or molds, undergoes frequent switching between two or more behaviors, often …

Epichloë festucae is an endophytic fungus that forms a mutualistic symbiotic association with
the grass host Lolium perenne. Endophytic hyphae exit the host by an appressorium‐like …

Fungi are very successful microorganisms capable of colonizing virtually any ecological
niche where they must constantly cope with competitors including fungi, bacteria and …

The ability to react and adapt to the surrounding environment is a necessity for cell survival
in all organisms. Information is perceived by sensing of external stimuli, which can lead to …

Les neutrophiles sont les leucocytes les plus nombreux et les premières cellules à arriver au
site de l'infection où elles internalisent les pathogènes par phagocytose. Dès le début du …