Runx2 is essential for osteoblast differentiation and chondrocyte maturation. During
osteoblast differentiation, Runx2 is weakly expressed in uncommitted mesenchymal cells …

The biology of bone healing is a rapidly developing science. Advances in transgenic and
gene‐targeted mice have enabled tissue and cell‐specific investigations of skeletal …

ABSTRACT RUNX transcription factors orchestrate many different aspects of biology,
including basic cellular and developmental processes, stem cell biology and tumorigenesis …

Mesenchymal (stromal) stem cells (MSCs) constitute populations of mesodermal multipotent
cells involved in tissue regeneration and homeostasis in many different organs. Here we …

Growth plate chondrocytes play central roles in the proper development and growth of
endochondral bones. Particularly, a population of chondrocytes in the resting zone …

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a family of protein kinases that function as
key signal transducers of a wide spectrum of extracellular stimuli, including growth factors …

Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are maintained by bone marrow niches in vivo,, but the
ability of niche cells to maintain HSCs ex vivo is markedly diminished. Expression of niche …

The WW domain-containing protein 2 (Wwp2) gene, the host gene of miR-140, codes for the
Wwp2 protein, which is an HECT-type E3 ubiquitin ligases abundantly expressed in articular …

Studies have demonstrated that scaffolds, a component of bone tissue engineering, play an
indispensable role in bone repair. However, these scaffolds involving ex-vivo cultivated cells …

Diverse signaling cues and attendant proteins work together during organogenesis,
including craniofacial development. Lip and palate formation starts as early as the fourth …