Among the neurotransmitters involved in addiction, dopamine (DA) is clearly the best known.
The critical role of DA in addiction is supported by converging evidence that has been …

Background Comorbidity of anxiety disorders, stressor-and trauma-related disorders, and
substance use disorders is extremely common. Moreover, therapies that reduce pathological …

We examine synaptic connectivity and cocaine-evoked plasticity at specific networks within
the nucleus accumbens (NAc). We identify distinct subpopulations of D1+ medium spiny …

Cue-induced drug craving progressively intensifies after withdrawal from self-administration
of cocaine, methamphetamine, and other drugs of abuse, a phenomenon termed incubation …

Alcohol consumption alters glutamatergic transmission in many brain regions, including the
dorsomedial striatum (DMS); this aberrant plasticity is thought to be responsible for alcohol …

Exposure to opioids reshapes future reward and motivated behaviors partially by altering the
functional output of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the nucleus accumbens shell. Here …

Drug addiction is a major public health concern across the world for which there are limited
treatment options. In order to develop new therapies to correct the behavioral deficits that …

Observing fear in others (OF) is a form of social stress. In mice, it enhances inhibitory
avoidance learning and causes the formation of silent synapses in the prefrontal-amygdala …

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) projection to the nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh)
regulates NAcSh-mediated motivated behaviors in part by modulating the glutamatergic …

Highlights•Glial are important regulators of the synaptic changes driven by drugs of
abuse.•Both astrocytes and microglia are activated by a range of drugs of abuse.•Microglia …