The p53 protein is mutated in about 50% of human cancers. Aside from losing the tumor-
suppressive functions of the wild-type form, mutant p53 proteins often acquire inherent …

Aging negatively impacts vitality and health. Many genetic pathways that regulate aging
were discovered in invertebrates. However, the genetics of aging is more complex in …

The white shark (Carcharodon carcharias; Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) is one of the
most publicly recognized marine animals. Here we report the genome sequence of the white …

Cooperation occurs at all levels of life, from genomes, complex cells and multicellular
organisms to societies and mutualisms between species. A major question for evolutionary …

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary tumor of bone. Osteosarcomas are rare in
humans, but occur more commonly in dogs. A comparative approach to studying …

Cetaceans are a clade of highly specialized aquatic mammals that include the largest
animals that have ever lived. The largest whales can have∼ 1,000× more cells than a …

The disproportionately high prevalence of male cancer is poorly understood. We tested for
sex-disparity in the functional integrity of the major tumor suppressor p53 in sporadic …

The Multi-Stage Model of Carcinogenesis (MMC), developed in the 1950 s-70s, postulated
carcinogenesis as a Darwinian somatic selection process. The cellular organization of …

The mouse double minute 4 (MDM4) is emerging from the shadow of its more famous
relative MDM2 and is starting to steal the limelight, largely due to its therapeutic possibilities …

Despite intensive research, no satisfactory therapeutic options have been found for aging
and age-related diseases. The British scientist Leslie Orgel stated that evolution is cleverer …