The transsulfuration pathway is a metabolic pathway where transfer of sulfur from
homocysteine to cysteine occurs. The pathway leads to the generation of several sulfur …

Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is generated during methionine
metabolism. Physiologic Hcy levels are determined primarily by dietary intake and vitamin …

There are numerous theories of aging, a process which still seems inevitable. Aging leads to
cancer and multi-systemic disorders as well as chronic diseases. Decline in age-associated …

Introduction: Uremic syndrome of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a term used to describe
clinical, metabolic, and hormonal abnormalities associated with progressive kidney failure. It …

Vitamin B12 is one of the essential vitamins that affect various systems in the body, including
the central nervous system. Vitamin B12 plays an important part in the metabolism of the …

DNA methylation and other epigenetic factors are important in the pathogenesis of late-
onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene …

Many studies have been written on vitamin supplementation, fatty acid, and dementia, but
results are still under debate, and no definite conclusion has yet been drawn. Nevertheless …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common cause of blindness in people under the age of
65. Unfortunately, the current screening process for DR restricts the population that can be …

Chronic mild stress (CMS) model is most similar to the depression human suffered in daily
life. Strong evidence proved the important role of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in the …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder with motor
and non-motor signs, which begins long before the diagnosis can be made …