Background Immaturity of the host immune system and alterations in the intestinal
microbiome appear to be key factors in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) …

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common complication of very
preterm birth and can lead to lifelong health consequences. Optimal nutrition is a …

Background: Mother's own milk is the optimal source of nutrients and provides numerous
health advantages for mothers and infants. As they have supplementary nutritional needs …

Breastfeeding is considered the gold standard for infants' nutrition, as mother's own milk
(MOM) provides nutritional and bioactive factors functional to optimal development. Early life …

Human milk contains non-nutritional factors that promote intestinal maturation and protect
against infectious and inflammatory conditions. In the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) …

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that affects
thousands of newborns and infants every year. Although it is accepted that BPD results from …

Human milk provides not only ideal nutrition for infant development but also immunologic
factors to protect from infection and inflammation. For the newborn preterm infant, the natural …

The management of enteral feeds in preterm infants with a hemodynamically significant
patent ductus arteriosus (hs-PDA) is a major challenge for neonatologists due to the fear of …

Probiotics have shown promise in the prevention of NEC. However, there is insufficient
evidence to guide the selection of optimal regimens. Furthermore, issues related to …

Human milk is recommended as the natural feeding for both term and preterm infants for the
several health benefits associated with its consumption. The importance of human milk is not …