Musculoskeletal disorders are the leading cause of disability worldwide; two of the most
prevalent of which are osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Each affect millions in the aging …

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a multifactorial degenerative disorder of joints, affecting the
world's population over the age of 65 and with a higher prevalence in females. KOA is …

Stem cell-derived exosomes have exhibited promise for applications in tissue regeneration.
However, one major problem for stem cell-derived exosome therapies is identifying …

Abstract Background Rehmanniae Radix is a traditional herbal medicine in East Asia that
has been widely used to treat patients with osteoporosis. However, the effect of catalpol, the …

The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is well-known as a nutritious food. Recently, we
revealed that fermented extract of C. gigas (FO) inhibited ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis …

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been the focus of bone regeneration
due to their excellent osteogenic potential and abundant source. However, the high-cost and …

TNF receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4), a member of the TRAF family, plays an important
role in the embryogenesis and development of the bone system. Mesenchymal stem cells …

It is well known that the differentiation of stem cells is affected by the cell culture medium, the
scaffold surface and electrochemical signals. However, stimulation of patterned biomaterials …

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a complex, three dimensional deformity of the spine
that commonly occurs in pubescent girls. Abnormal osteogenic differentiation of …

Abstract Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) is a cytokine secreted by cells
including bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). SDF-1 plays a vital role in BMSC migration …