Objective Immune checkpoint inhibitors have introduced a new and heterogeneous class of
immune-related adverse effects, with the endocrine system being a predominant target for …

Over the past decade, nanoparticle-based therapeutic modalities have become promising
strategies in cancer therapy. Selective delivery of anticancer drugs to the lesion sites is …

Baicalein (BA), a natural compound extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been
reported to exert antitumor effect in various cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms …

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is among the most common adverse effects during anti-
programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy, and alongside correlations with elevated …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as a revolutionary treatment option for patients
with various types of malignancy. Although these agents afford a significant improvement in …

Hypophysitis is characterized by inflammation of the pituitary gland that can be primary (PH)
or secondary (SH) to other diseases or following drug administration. It may also be …

Breast and cervical cancers comprise 50% of all cancers during pregnancy. In particular,
gestational breast cancer is considered one of the most aggressive types of cancers, which …

Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown efficacy against a variety of cancer
types. The effects of nivolumab and pembrolizumab on lung cancer have been reported, and …

Immunotherapy has transformed the treatment of cancer by restoring the power of the
immune system against tumor cells. Disruption of the innate immune inhibition has …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) are novel drugs in the field of oncology however carry
the risk of immune-related dermatologic, gastrointestinal, and endocrine side effects which …