Since reports published in 2015 and 2016 identified 15 probable exposure–outcome
associations, there has been an increase in studies in humans of exposure to endocrine …

Periodontal diseases are considered not only to affect tooth‐supporting tissues but also to
have a cause‐and‐effect relationship with various systemic diseases and conditions, such …

Racism, segregation, and inequality contribute to health outcomes and drive health
disparities across the life course, including for newborn infants and their families. In this …

Modern health care has brought our society innumerable benefits but has also introduced
the experience of pain very early in life. For example, it is now routine care for newborns to …

Background Preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal mortality and neonatal morbidity
worldwide. Many factors have been associated with preterm birth, including parity. The aim …

Background The safety and efficacy of antenatal glucocorticoids in women in low-resource
countries who are at risk for preterm birth are uncertain. Methods We conducted a …

Increased survival of infants born preterm, especially those born extremely preterm (< 28
weeks' gestation), has meant that more are reaching later childhood and adulthood. As …

Pregnancy-specific stress (PSS) arises from the numerous changes that women experience
during pregnancy and from their concerns about childbirth and the health of their offspring …

Background Pre-gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with increased risk of maternal
and perinatal adverse outcomes. This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the …

Preterm birth (gestational age< 37 weeks) has a worldwide prevalence of nearly 11%, and>
95% of preterm infants who receive modern neonatal and pediatric care now survive into …