The hazard ratio is one of the most commonly reported measures of treatment effect in
randomised trials, yet the source of much misinterpretation. This point was made clear by …

Correct interpretation of statistical data requires caution in implying causality [1–3], a caution
contrasting with the purpose of most clinical trials whose major objective is the opposite, to …

We discuss causal mediation analyses for survival data and propose a new approach based
on the additive hazards model. The emphasis is on a dynamic point of view, that is …

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the association between physical activity and site-
specific cancer incidence. Methods UK Biobank is a prospective population-based cohort …

We argue that the term “relative risk” should not be used as a synonym for “hazard ratio” and
encourage to use the probabilistic index as an alternative effect measure for Cox regression …

The usual development cycles are too slow for the development of vaccines, diagnostics
and treatments in pandemics such as the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Given the …

Background: Survival rates for breast cancer (BC) are often based on the outcomes of this
disease. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of three survival models …

The causal effect of an intervention (treatment/exposure) on an outcome can be estimated
by: i) specifying knowledge about the data-generating process; ii) assessing under what …

In Chapter 1, we consider the problem of detecting a sparse mixture as studied by Ingster
(1997) and Donoho and Jin (2004). We consider a wide array of base distributions. In …

Cancer survival varies substantially across population groups. For instance, there are
differences across socioeconomic groups that persist irrespective of how deprivation is …