Conflict-monitoring theory proposes that conflict between incompatible responses is
registered by a dedicated monitoring system, and that this conflict signal triggers changes of …

Highlights•Humans and animals seek information about uncertain future
rewards.•Information is valued for resolving uncertainty and signaling desirable …

Humans tend to discount information that undermines past choices and judgments. This
confirmation bias has significant impact on domains ranging from politics to science and …

In this paper we present a broad overview of the last 40 years of research on cognitive
architectures. To date, the number of existing architectures has reached several hundred …

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) possess energy-efficient potential due to event-based
computation. However, supervised training of SNNs remains a challenge as spike activities …

Different regions of the striatum regulate different types of behavior. However, how
dopamine signals differ across striatal regions and how dopamine regulates different …

Activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is observed across a variety of
contexts, and its function remains intensely debated in the field of cognitive neuroscience …

In this article, we develop a computational model of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD).
We propose that OCD is characterized by a difficulty in relying on past events to predict the …

It remains unclear whether and, if so, how nonhuman animals make on-the-fly predictions
during pursuit. Here we used a novel laboratory pursuit task that incentivizes the prediction …

The ability to form a Theory of Mind (ToM), ie, to theorize about others' mental states to
explain and predict behavior in relation to attributed intentional states, constitutes a hallmark …