Background Running participation continues to increase. The ideal strike pattern during
running is a controversial topic. Many coaches and therapists promote non-rearfoot strike …

Unpowered exoskeletons with springs in parallel to human plantar flexor muscle-tendons
can reduce the metabolic cost of walking. We used ultrasound imaging to look 'under the …

Accurate knowledge of knee joint motion is needed to evaluate the effects of implant design
on functional performance and component wear. We conducted a randomized controlled …

The interaction of muscle and tendon is of major importance for movement performance and
a balanced development of muscle strength and tendon stiffness could protect athletes from …

The human ankle joint and plantar flexor muscle–tendon unit play an important role in
endurance running. It has been assumed that muscle and tendon interactions and their …

During locomotion, the human ankle-foot system dynamically alters its gearing, or leverage
of the ankle joint on the ground. Shifting ankle-foot gearing regulates speed of plantarflexor …

Walking and running are mechanically and energetically different locomotion modes. For
selecting one or another, speed is a parameter of paramount importance. Yet, both are likely …

In an attempt to improve their distance-running performance, many athletes race with carbon
fiber plates embedded in their shoe soles. Accordingly, we sought to establish whether, and …

Purpose We investigated the role of elastic strain energy on the “apparent” efficiency of
locomotion (AE), a parameter that is known to increase as a function of running speed (up to …

Background Elastic ankle exoskeletons with intermediate stiffness springs in parallel with
the human plantarflexors can reduce the metabolic cost of walking by~ 7% at 1.25 ms− 1. In …