MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are short, endogenously initiated, non-coding RNAs that bind to
target mRNAs, leading to the degradation or translational suppression of respective mRNAs …

Toll-like receptors (TLR) that belong to the group of protein recognition receptor (PPR)
provide an innate immune response following the sensing of conserved pathogen …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder, in which imbalance in synthesis and
production of inflammatory cytokines promotes cartilage and bone destruction. Out of the …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by immune dysfunctions and chronic
inflammation that mainly affects diarthrodial joints. Genetics has long been surveyed in …

Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory auto-immune disease that
can lead to permanent disability and deformity. Despite current treatment modalities, many …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis, a disease that affects the entire joint.
The relative involvement of each tissue, and their interactions, add to the complexity of OA …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that is associated with both
genetic and environmental factors. Dysregulation of the immune response is the main …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the joint, which results in pain, loss of
mobility, and, eventually, joint replacement. Currently, no disease-modifying drugs exist …

Background Studies on tumor-secreted microRNAs point to a functional role of these in
cellular communication and reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment. Uptake of tumor …

Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch (THH) shows well clinical effect on rheumatoid
arthritis (RA), but the active ingredients and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This …