Experimental studies have developed, conducted, and evaluated classroom interventions
for foreign language anxiety (FLA) reduction. However, various characteristics of those …

We used a data set with n= 1,603 learners of foreign languages (FL) to develop and validate
the short form of the Foreign Language Enjoyment Scale (S‐FLES). The data was split into 2 …

Interest in the role of learners' personality, emotions and the learning environment in foreign
language (FL) learning has grown exponentially in the past decade. The introduction of …

A vocabulary deficit negatively affects students' language performance. Emotions such as
speaking anxiety and language enjoyment in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) …

The present longitudinal survey study explored changes in and effects of foreign language
classroom anxiety (FLCA) and listening anxiety (FLLA) on Chinese undergraduate students' …

While language anxiety is known to be a strong predictor of the second language (L2)
achievement for decades, there has been a relative lack of empirical attention to …

Learners' emotions in learning a foreign language are claimed to shape complicated
dynamic associations contributing to their motivational and linguistic outcomes, as …

Many studies have explored learner psychology in relation to second language acquisition
(SLA) in order to understand the effectiveness and difficulties of language learning. In the …

The present study sought to understand the nature and level of foreign language (FL)
anxiety among primary school students and the relationship between FL anxiety and FL …

Anxiety is one of the most important affective factors affecting college students' foreign
language learning. Especially in the Internet age, new teaching ideas and methods bring …