The vascular blood–brain barrier is a highly regulated interface between the blood and
brain. Its primary function is to protect central neurons while signaling the presence of …

The blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB), a physical barrier between the blood and spinal cord
parenchyma, prevents the toxins, blood cells, and pathogens from entering the spinal cord …

Transient or permanent loss of tissue perfusion due to ischaemic stroke can lead to damage
to the neurovasculature, and disrupt brain homeostasis, causing long-term motor and …

Brain edema is a severe stroke complication that is associated with prolonged
hospitalization and poor outcomes. Swollen tissues in the brain compromise cerebral …

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability
globally. Edema is a hallmark of stroke resulting from dysregulation of water homeostasis in …

Maintenance of the endothelial blood-brain-barrier (BBB) through Wnt/β-catenin signalling is
essential for neuronal function. The cells however, providing Wnt growth factors at the adult …

Ischemic stroke is the second cause of mortality and the first cause of long-term disability
constituting a serious socioeconomic burden worldwide. Approved treatments include …

The blood vessels of the brain are lined with endothelial cells and it has been long known
that these help to regulate blood flow to the brain. However, there is increasing evidence …

Aquaporins (AQPs) are integral membrane proteins and found in all living organisms from
bacteria to human. AQPs mainly involved in the transmembrane diffusion of water as well as …

Normal physiologic function of organs requires a circulation of interstitial fluid to deliver
nutrients and clear cellular waste products. Lymphatic vessels serve as collectors of this fluid …