In this paper, we outline the need for a coordinated international effort toward the building of
an open-access Global Ocean Oxygen Database and ATlas (GO2DAT) complying with the …

It is important to understand how Earth's surface conditions have changed over geological
timescales and what has driven these changes. Much of this understanding comes from …

Theory suggests that the ocean's biological carbon pump, the process by which organic
matter is produced at the surface and transferred to the deep ocean, is sensitive to …

Geochemical redox proxies indicate that seafloor anoxia occurred during the latest
Ordovician glacial maximum, coincident with the second pulse of the Late Ordovician mass …

Extreme warming at the end-Permian induced profound changes in marine biogeochemical
cycling and animal habitability, leading to the largest metazoan extinction in Earth's history …

The decline in background extinction rates of marine animals through geologic time is an
established but unexplained feature of the Phanerozoic fossil record. There is also growing …

Meeting the net-zero carbon emissions commitments of major economies by mid-century
requires large-scale deployment of negative emission technologies (NETs). Terrestrial …

Temperature is a master parameter in the marine carbon cycle, exerting a critical control on
the rate of biological transformation of a variety of solid and dissolved reactants and …

The coupled biogeochemical cycles of iron and sulfur are central to the long-term
biogeochemical evolution of Earth's oceans. For instance, before the development of a …

The Earth's oceans are one of the largest sinks in the Earth system for anthropogenic CO 2
emissions, acting as a negative feedback on climate change. Earth system models project …