Biosynthesis and synthetic biology of psychoactive natural products

CS Jamieson, J Misa, Y Tang… - Chemical Society Reviews, 2021 - pubs.rsc.org
Psychoactive natural products play an integral role in the modern world. The tremendous
structural complexity displayed by such molecules confers diverse biological activities of …

Oxidative metabolism as a modulator of kratom's biological actions

S Chakraborty, R Uprety, ST Slocum, T Irie… - Journal of medicinal …, 2021 - ACS Publications
The leaves of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom), a plant native to Southeast Asia, are increasingly
used as a pain reliever and for attenuation of opioid withdrawal symptoms. Using the tools of …

Exploring the Chemistry of Alkaloids from Malaysian Mitragyna speciosa (Kratom) and the Role of Oxindoles on Human Opioid Receptors

NJY Chear, F León, A Sharma… - Journal of natural …, 2021 - ACS Publications
Ten indole and oxindole alkaloids (1–10) were isolated from the freshly collected leaves of
Malaysian Mitragyna speciosa (Kratom). The chemical structures of these compounds were …

A novel mitragynine analog with low-efficacy mu opioid receptor agonism displays antinociception with attenuated adverse effects

S Chakraborty, JF DiBerto, A Faouzi… - Journal of medicinal …, 2021 - ACS Publications
Mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine (7OH) are the major alkaloids mediating the
biological actions of the psychoactive plant kratom. To investigate the structure–activity …

Synthesis of 3-spirooxindole 3 H-indoles through Rh (iii)-catalyzed [4+ 1] redox-neutral spirocyclization of N-aryl amidines with diazo oxindoles

Q Zhou, X Song, X Zhang, X Fan - Organic Chemistry Frontiers, 2021 - pubs.rsc.org
In this paper, an efficient synthesis of 3-spirooxindole 3H-indoles through the coupling and
spirocyclization of N-aryl amidines with diazo oxindoles is presented. Mechanistically, the …

Kratom alkaloids as probes for opioid receptor function: Pharmacological characterization of minor indole and oxindole alkaloids from kratom

S Chakraborty, R Uprety, AE Daibani… - ACS chemical …, 2021 - ACS Publications
Dry leaves of kratom (mitragyna speciosa) are anecdotally consumed as pain relievers and
antidotes against opioid withdrawal and alcohol use disorders. There are at least 54 …

Mitragynine: A review of its extraction, identification, and purification methods

SSO Ishak, N Putra, S Salsabila… - Current Research on …, 2021 - crbb-journal.com
Mitragynine is one of the dominant alkaloids present in Mitragyna speciosa. The compound
possesses several pharmacological properties such as antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory …

Refined prediction of pharmacokinetic kratom-drug interactions: time-dependent inhibition considerations

RS Tanna, DD Tian, NB Cech, NH Oberlies… - … of Pharmacology and …, 2021 - ASPET
Preparations from the leaves of the kratom plant (Mitragyna speciosa) are consumed for
their opioid-like effects. Several deaths have been associated with kratom used …

[HTML][HTML] Case report: treatment of kratom use disorder with a classical tricyclic antidepressant

AE Vento, S De Persis, S De Filippis, F Schifano… - Frontiers in …, 2021 - frontiersin.org
Kratom or Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) is an evergreen tree of the coffee family native to
South-East Asia and Australasia. It is used by locals recreationally to induce stimulant and …

Combinations of indole based alkaloids from Mitragyna speciosa (Kratom) and cisplatin inhibit cell proliferation and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines

G Domnic, NJY Chear, SFA Rahman… - Journal of …, 2021 - Elsevier
Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) or kratom is a
medicinal plant indigenous to Southeast Asia. The leaf of M. speciosa is used as a remedy …