Cognitive dysfunction is one of the core symptoms in schizophrenia, and it is predictive of
functional outcomes and therefore useful for treatment targets. Rather than improving …

Negative symptoms are a debilitating feature of schizophrenia which are often resistant to
pharmacological intervention. The mechanisms underlying them remain poorly understood …

Depressed individuals suffer from effort-related motivational symptoms such as anergia and
fatigue, which are resistant to treatment with many common antidepressants. While drugs …

Apathy is widely reported in patients with neurological disorders or post viral infection but is
also seen in otherwise-healthy aged individuals. This study investigated whether aged male …

Selective serotonin transport (SERT) inhibitors such as fluoxetine are the most commonly
prescribed treatments for depression. Although efficacious for many symptoms of …

Rationale Depressed individuals demonstrate debilitating symptoms, including depressed
mood, anhedonia, and effort-related deficits. Effort-related decision-making can be …

Economists have known for centuries that to understand an individual's decisions, we must
consider not only the objective value of the goal at stake, but its subjective value as well …

It has been widely accepted that dopamine (DA) plays a major role in motivation, yet the
specific contribution of DA signaling at D1-like receptor (D1R) and D2-like receptor (D2R) to …

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is critical for regulating the appetitive and consummatory
phases of motivated behavior. These experiments examined the effects of dopamine and …

A wide body of evidence supports an integral role for mesolimbic dopamine (DA) in
motivated behavior. In brief, drugs that increase DA in mesolimbic terminal regions, like …