Nowadays, many relevant drug–gene associations have been discovered, but
pharmacogenomics (PGx)-guided treatment needs to be cost-effective as well as clinically …

Background Back pain is a common and costly health problem worldwide. There is yet a
lack of consistent methodologies to estimate the economic burden of back pain to society …

Objectives This study aimed (1) to perform a systematic literature review of instruments for
measuring productivity loss of paid and unpaid work and (2) to assess the suitability (in …

Objectives To determine the impact of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2T RA) on
(costs related to) healthcare utilization, other resource use and work productivity. Methods …

Background As resources for healthcare are scarce, decision-makers increasingly rely on
economic evaluations when making reimbursement decisions about new health …

Objective This study evaluated work and activity impairment in patients with multiple
sclerosis (MS) treated with ocrelizumab (OCR) versus other disease-modifying therapies …

Background and purpose Large societal costs of stroke should not be ignored. We aimed to
estimate patients' productivity losses and informal care costs during the first year after …

Background The situation of work productivity loss due to sleep disorders/problems among
workers in industrialized societies remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify …

Introduction: Cost-of-illness studies are widely used for healthcare decision-making;
however, no such study is available in pemphigus from the societal perspective. The …

Background: Nurses dispense direct care in a wide variety of settings and are considered
the backbone of the health care system. They often work long hours, face emotional stress …