BACKGROUND Microbial interactions have shaped plant diversity in terrestrial ecosystems.
By forming mutually beneficial symbioses, microbes helped plants colonize land more than …

Hundreds of land plant lineages have independently evolved separate sexes in either
gametophytes (dioicy) or sporophytes (dioecy), but 43% of all dioecious angiosperms are …

Reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) is a promising approach to fractionate lignocellulose
and convert lignin to a narrow product slate. To guide research towards commercialization …

Plant genomes remain highly fragmented and are often characterized by hundreds to
thousands of assembly gaps. Here, we report chromosome-level reference and phased …

Among crop fruit trees, the apricot (Prunus armeniaca) provides an excellent model to study
divergence and adaptation processes. Here, we obtain nearly 600 Armeniaca apricot …

Plant development processes are regulated by epigenetic alterations that shape nuclear
structure, gene expression, and phenotypic plasticity; these alterations can provide the plant …

Abstract Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) is an economically valuable fruit that is
cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Here, we report an~ 1341.7 Mb …

The consequences of the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary (KPB) mass extinction
for the evolution of plant diversity remain poorly understood, even though evolutionary …

Background The bZIP gene family, which is widely present in plants, participates in varied
biological processes including growth and development and stress responses. How do the …

Flavonoids are key secondary metabolites that are biologically active and perform diverse
functions in plants such as stress defense against abiotic and biotic stress. In addition to its …