Gene pairs resulting from whole genome duplication (WGD), so-called ohnologous genes,
are retained if at least one member of the pair undergoes neo-or sub-functionalization …

Chloroplasts cannot develop normally without the coordinated action of various proteins and
signaling connections between the nucleus and the chloroplast genome. Many questions …

Mature chloroplasts, as the main sites of photosynthesis, are essential for seedling growth in
higher plants. Loss of function of genes involved in chloroplast development changes plant …

Photosynthesis is an essential biological process and a key approach for raising crop yield.
However, photosynthesis in rice is not fully investigated. This study reported the …

In Arabidopsis thaliana, the E thylene-dependent G ravitropism-deficient and Y ellow-green
1 (EGY1) gene encodes a thylakoid membrane-localized protease involved in chloroplast …

DNA methylation is a major, conserved epigenetic modification that influences many
biological processes. Cotyledons are specialized tissues that provide nutrition for seedlings …

Veterinary antibiotics, including erythromycin (Ery) and chlortetracycline (CTC), are often
detected in agricultural land. Although these contaminants affect plant growth and …

Background The fragrant flower plant Osmanthus fragrans has an extremely rare
androdioecious breeding system displaying the occurrence of males and hermaphrodites in …

Auxins and cytokinins are two major families of phytohormones which control and regulate
most aspects of plant growth, development, and plasticity. Their distribution within plant …