The theory of effort minimization in physical activity

B Cheval, MP Boisgontier - Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 2021 - journals.lww.com
Imagine you planned to go for a walk this morning, but you got stuck to your chair. What are
the forces that could explain this failure to engage in physical activity? Is it a paucity of a …

Stretchable and suturable fibre sensors for wireless monitoring of connective tissue strain

J Lee, SJ Ihle, GS Pellegrino, H Kim, J Yea… - Nature …, 2021 - nature.com
Implantable sensors can be used to monitor biomechanical strain continuously. However,
three key challenges need to be addressed before they can be of use in clinical practice: the …

Quantifying mechanical loading and elastic strain energy of the human Achilles tendon during walking and running

M Kharazi, S Bohm, C Theodorakis, F Mersmann… - Scientific reports, 2021 - nature.com
The purpose of the current study was to assess in vivo Achilles tendon (AT) mechanical
loading and strain energy during locomotion. We measured AT length considering its curve …

Increasing the midsole bending stiffness of shoes alters gastrocnemius medialis muscle function during running

S Cigoja, JR Fletcher, M Esposito, DJ Stefanyshyn… - Scientific Reports, 2021 - nature.com
In recent years, increasing the midsole bending stiffness (MBS) of running shoes by
embedding carbon fibre plates in the midsole resulted in many world records set during long …

Muscle-specific economy of force generation and efficiency of work production during human running

S Bohm, F Mersmann, A Santuz, A Schroll… - Elife, 2021 - elifesciences.org
Human running features a spring-like interaction of body and ground, enabled by elastic
tendons that store mechanical energy and facilitate muscle operating conditions to minimize …

The effect of speed on Achilles tendon forces and patellofemoral joint stresses in high‐performing endurance runners

C Starbuck, C Bramah, L Herrington… - … Journal of Medicine & …, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
Achilles tendinopathy and patellofemoral pain are common running injuries associated with
increased Achilles tendon (AT) forces and patellofemoral joint (PFJ) stresses. This study …

Longer Achilles tendon moment arm results in better running economy

B Kovács, I Kóbor, Ö Sebestyén… - Physiology International, 2021 - akjournals.com
Based on the current literature, the link between Achilles tendon moment arm length and
running economy is not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to further …

Medial gastrocnemius muscle fascicles shorten throughout stance during sprint acceleration

A Werkhausen, S Willwacher… - Scandinavian journal of …, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
The compliant nature of distal limb muscle‐tendon units is traditionally considered
suboptimal in explosive movements when positive joint work is required. However, during …

The influence of in vivo mechanical behaviour of the Achilles tendon on the mechanics, energetics and apparent efficiency of bouncing gaits

A Monte, F Nardello, R Magris… - Journal of …, 2021 - journals.biologists.com
In this study, we used kinematic, kinetic, metabolic and ultrasound analysis to investigate the
role of elastic energy utilization on the mechanical and physiological demands of a …

Lower-limb muscle function is influenced by changing mechanical demands in cycling

AKM Lai, TJM Dick, NAT Brown… - Journal of …, 2021 - journals.biologists.com
Although cycling is a seemingly simple, reciprocal task, muscles must adapt their function to
satisfy changes in mechanical demands induced by higher crank torques and faster …