30 years of repeat expansion disorders: What have we learned and what are the remaining challenges?

C Depienne, JL Mandel - The American Journal of Human Genetics, 2021 - cell.com
Tandem repeats represent one of the most abundant class of variations in human genomes,
which are polymorphic by nature and become highly unstable in a length-dependent …

Straglr: discovering and genotyping tandem repeat expansions using whole genome long-read sequences

R Chiu, IS Rajan-Babu, JM Friedman, I Birol - Genome Biology, 2021 - Springer
Tandem repeat (TR) expansion is the underlying cause of over 40 neurological disorders.
Long-read sequencing offers an exciting avenue over conventional technologies for …

STRs: ancient architectures of the genome beyond the sequence

J Gharesouran, H Hosseinzadeh… - Journal of Molecular …, 2021 - Springer
Short tandem repeats (STRs) are commonly defined as short runs of repetitive nucleotides,
consisting of tandemly repeating 2–6-bp motif units, which are ubiquitously distributed …

[HTML][HTML] Laboratory testing for fragile X, 2021 revision: a technical standard of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG)

E Spector, A Behlmann, K Kronquist, NC Rose… - Genetics in …, 2021 - Elsevier
Molecular genetic testing of the FMR1 gene is commonly performed in clinical laboratories.
Pathogenic variants in the FMR1 gene are associated with fragile X syndrome, fragile X …

Pervasive cis effects of variation in copy number of large tandem repeats on local DNA methylation and gene expression

P Garg, A Martin-Trujillo, OL Rodriguez, SJ Gies… - The American Journal of …, 2021 - cell.com
Variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) are composed of large tandemly repeated motifs,
many of which are highly polymorphic in copy number. However, because of their large size …

Genome-wide sequencing as a first-tier screening test for short tandem repeat expansions

IS Rajan-Babu, JJ Peng, R Chiu… - Genome medicine, 2021 - Springer
Background Screening for short tandem repeat (STR) expansions in next-generation
sequencing data can enable diagnosis, optimal clinical management/treatment, and …

[HTML][HTML] Systematic analysis of short tandem repeats in 38,095 exomes provides an additional diagnostic yield

BPGH van der Sanden, J Corominas, M de Groot… - Genetics in …, 2021 - Elsevier
Purpose Expansions of a subset of short tandem repeats (STRs) have been implicated in
approximately 30 different human genetic disorders. Despite extensive application of exome …

Low Prevalence of NOTCH2NLC GGC Repeat Expansion in White Patients with Movement Disorders

WY Yau, J Vandrovcova, R Sullivan, Z Chen… - Movement …, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
Background The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of the GGC‐repeat
expansion in NOTCH2NLC in whites presenting with movement disorders. Methods We …

Assessing the utility of long-read nanopore sequencing for rapid and efficient characterization of mobile element insertions

CM Watson, LA Crinnion, H Lindsay, R Mitchell… - Laboratory …, 2021 - nature.com
Short-read next generation sequencing (NGS) has become the predominant first-line
technique used to diagnose patients with rare genetic conditions. Inherent limitations of …

Ethnically biased microsatellites contribute to differential gene expression and glutathione metabolism in Africans and Europeans

N Kinney, L Kang, H Bains, E Lawson, M Husain… - PLoS …, 2021 - journals.plos.org
Approximately three percent of the human genome is occupied by microsatellites: a type of
short tandem repeat (STR). Microsatellites have well established effects on (a) the genetic …