The identification of CD4+ T cells localizing to B cell follicles has revolutionized the
knowledge of how humoral immunity is generated. Follicular helper T (TFH) cells support …

CXCL13 is a B-cell chemokine produced mainly by mesenchymal lymphoid tissue organizer
cells, follicular dendritic cells, and human T follicular helper cells. By binding to its receptor …

Germinal centers (GCs) are microanatomical sites of B cell clonal expansion and antibody
affinity maturation. Therein, B cells undergo the Darwinian process of somatic diversification …

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are defined by a Bcl6+ CXCR5 hi PD-1 hi phenotype, but only a
minor fraction of these reside in germinal centers (GCs). Here, we examined whether GC …

While the history of neuroimmunology is long, the explicit study of neuroimmune
communication, and particularly the role of catecholamines in neuroimmunity, is still …

Metabolites are emerging as essential factors for the immune system that are involved in
both metabolic circuits and signaling cascades. Accumulated evidence suggests that altered …

The brain may sense, evaluate, modulate, and intervene in the operation of immune system,
which would otherwise function autonomously in defense against pathogens. Antibody …

Tissue-resident memory CD8+ T (TRM) cells have been associated with robust protective
antitumor immune responses and improved prognosis of patients with cancer. Therefore …

The formation of high-affinity antibodies that protect against infection requires the formation
of germinal centres (GCs), where specialized T follicular helper cells (Tfh) provide help to B …

In Drosophila, definitive haematopoiesis takes place in a specialized organ termed “lymph
gland”. It harbours multi‐potent stem‐like blood progenitor cells whose development …