The transparency of the cornea along with its dense sensory innervation and resident
leukocyte populations make it an ideal tissue to study interactions between the nervous and …

Homeostasis of the human immune system is regulated by many cellular components,
including two neuropeptides, VIP and PACAP, primary stimuli for three class BG protein …

Injury to the peripheral nerve is traditionally referred to acquired nerve injury as they are the
result of physical trauma due to laceration, stretch, crush and compression of nerves …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) selectively protects the central nervous system (CNS) from
external insults, but its function can represent a limit for the passage of therapeutic …

Background Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-38 (PACAP38) and
vasoactive intestinal polypeptide can provoke cluster headache attacks in up to half of …

Abstract Low-dose interleukin-2 (LD-IL-2) treatment has been shown to effectively reverse
chronic migraine-related behaviors and the sensitization of trigeminal ganglion (TG) …

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a member of secretin/glucagon family, is involved in a
variety of biological activities such as gut motility, immune responses, and carcinogenesis. In …

Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder caused by the
expression of mutant huntingtin (mHtt). One of the main features of HD is the degeneration of …

Feeding behavior is adaptively regulated by external and internal environment, such that
feeding is suppressed when animals experience pain, sickness, or fear. While the lateral …

Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP), a pleiotropic neuropeptide, is
widely distributed throughout the body. The abundance of PACAP expression in the central …