Despite recent therapeutic advances, pulmonary hypertension (PH) remains a fatal disease
due to the development of right ventricular (RV) failure. At present, no treatments targeted at …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality
worldwide. However, despite the recent developments in the management of CVDs, the …

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) comprises five groups of serious clinical entities characterized
by pulmonary artery vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling leading to right heart failure …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease, characterized by
obstructive pulmonary vascular remodelling ultimately leading to right ventricular (RV) …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive pulmonary vascular disease of
complex etiology. Cases of PAH that do not receive therapy after diagnosis have a low …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension, or PAH, is a condition that is characterized by pulmonary
artery pressures above 20 mmHg (at rest). In the treatment of PAH, the pulmonary vascular …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is associated with substantial remodeling of the right
ventricle (RV), which may at first be compensatory but at a later stage becomes detrimental …

Excessive proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and endothelial
cells (PAECs), inflammation, as well as mitochondrial and metabolic dysregulation …

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is characterized by medial
hypertrophy due to pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) hyperplasia. In the …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by the
hyperproliferation of vascular cells, including smooth muscle and endothelial cells …