P2X receptors are trimeric nonselective cation channels gated by ATP. They assemble from
seven distinct subunit isoforms as either homo-or heteromeric complexes and contain three …

Since their discovery in the 1970s, purinergic receptors have been shown to play key roles
in a wide variety of biologic systems and cell types. In the immune system, purinergic …

Although ATP and/or adenosine derived from astrocytes are known to regulate sleep, the
precise mechanisms underlying the somnogenic effects of ATP and adenosine remain …

The P2X5 receptor, an ATP-gated cation channel, is believed to be involved in tumor
development, inflammatory bone loss and inflammasome activation after bacterial infection …

Physiology of orofacial pain pathways embraces primary afferent neurons, pathologic
changes in the trigeminal ganglion, brainstem nociceptive neurons, and higher brain …

P2X receptors are a class of nonselective cation channels widely distributed in the immune
and nervous systems, and their dysfunction is a significant cause of tumors, inflammation …

Geoffrey Burnstock was a biomedical scientist who gained renown for his discovery that
adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) functions as an extracellular signalling molecule. Born in …

The intestinal epithelium is vital for maintaining immune homeostasis. The maintenance of
homeostasis requires the host immune system to be able to differentiate between healthy …

Purinergic P2Y receptors are a family of eight G protein-coupled receptors (P2Y1, 2, 4, 6, 11,
12, 13, 14) that are activated by nucleotides to elicit both vasoconstriction and vasodilation …

Current kinetics takes into account three key components of receptor function. They include
an open or activated state, a deactivated state, and a desensitized state. As the ligand binds …