Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the most common contributor to low back pain
(LBP). Recent studies have found that oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a leading contributor to low back pain. The
intervertebral disc (IVD) is composed of three tissue types: the central gelatinous nucleus …

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a key component of the intervertebral disc (IVD) that is widely
investigated as an IVD biomaterial. One persisting challenge is introducing materials …

Low back pain (LBP), caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, is a major
contributor to global disability. In its healthy state, the IVD is a tough and well-hydrated …

Chronic low back pain is the number one cause of years lived with disability. In about 40% of
patients, chronic lower back pain is related to intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. The …

Low back pain is critical health, social, and economic issue in modern societies. This
disease is often associated with intervertebral disc degeneration; however, contemporary …

Back pain is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and is frequently caused by
degeneration of the intervertebral discs. The discs' development, homeostasis, and …

The dominant view in the field of pain is that peripheral neuropathic pain is driven by
microglia in the somatosensory processing region of the spinal dorsal horn. Here, to the …

The incidence of low back pain caused by lumbar disc degeneration is high, and it can lead
to loss of work ability and impose heavy social and economic burdens. The pathogenesis of …

Background Lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD) herniations are associated with significant
disability. Discectomy is the conventional treatment option for IVD herniations but causes a …