An introduction to inverse probability of treatment weighting in observational research

NC Chesnaye, VS Stel, G Tripepi… - Clinical Kidney …, 2022 - academic.oup.com
In this article we introduce the concept of inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW)
and describe how this method can be applied to adjust for measured confounding in …

Core concepts in pharmacoepidemiology: confounding by indication and the role of active comparators

R Sendor, T Stürmer - Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
Confounding by indication poses a significant threat to the validity of nonexperimental
studies assessing effectiveness and safety of medical interventions. While no different from …

Association of prenatal exposure to antiseizure medication with risk of autism and intellectual disability

MH Bjørk, H Zoega, MK Leinonen, JM Cohen… - JAMA …, 2022 - jamanetwork.com
Importance Women with epilepsy frequently need antiseizure medication (ASM) to prevent
seizures in pregnancy. Risk of neurodevelopmental disorders after prenatal exposure to …

Causal inference in medical records and complementary systems pharmacology for metformin drug repurposing towards dementia

ML Charpignon, B Vakulenko-Lagun, B Zheng… - Nature …, 2022 - nature.com
Metformin, a diabetes drug with anti-aging cellular responses, has complex actions that may
alter dementia onset. Mixed results are emerging from prior observational studies. To …

Racial and ethnic differences in amyloid PET positivity in individuals with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: a secondary analysis of the imaging dementia …

CH Wilkins, CC Windon, P Dilworth-Anderson… - JAMA …, 2022 - jamanetwork.com
Importance Racial and ethnic groups with higher rates of clinical Alzheimer disease (AD) are
underrepresented in studies of AD biomarkers, including amyloid positron emission …

Untested admissions: Examining changes in application behaviors and student demographics under test-optional policies

CT Bennett - American Educational Research Journal, 2022 - journals.sagepub.com
This study examines a diverse set of nearly 100 private institutions that adopted test-optional
undergraduate admissions policies between 2005–2006 and 2015–2016. Using …

Corporate executives' incentives and ESG performance

GY Jang, HG Kang, W Kim - Finance Research Letters, 2022 - Elsevier
This study investigates the effect of managers' manipulative tendencies on firms'
environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance using the share pledging and …

Comparative effectiveness of ZUMA-5 (axi-cel) vs SCHOLAR-5 external control in relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma

P Ghione, ML Palomba, AR Patel… - Blood, The Journal …, 2022 - ashpublications.org
In the pivotal ZUMA-5 trial, axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel; an autologous anti-CD19
chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy) demonstrated high rates of durable response in …

Delays related to prior authorization in inflammatory bowel disease

BD Constant, EF de Zoeten, MG Stahl… - …, 2022 - publications.aap.org
BACKGROUND Delays in advancing to biologic therapies are associated with adverse
outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Insurer-mandated prior authorizations have …

Spironolactone as a potential new pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder: convergent evidence from rodent and human studies

M Farokhnia, CT Rentsch, V Chuong, MA McGinn… - Molecular …, 2022 - nature.com
Evidence suggests that spironolactone, a nonselective mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)
antagonist, modulates alcohol seeking and consumption. Therefore, spironolactone may …