Biologics—medications derived from a biological source—are increasingly used as
pharmaceuticals, for example, as vaccines. Biologics are usually produced in bacterial …

Glucose oxidase is a subset of oxidoreductase enzymes that catalyzes the transfer of
electrons from an oxidant to a reductant. Glucose oxidases use oxygen as an external …

The last big outbreaks of Ebola fever in Africa, the thousands of avian influenza outbreaks
across Europe, Asia, North America and Africa, the emergence of monkeypox virus in …

Fusion protein technologies to facilitate soluble expression, detection, or subsequent affinity
purification in Escherichia coli are widely used but may also be associated with negative …

Quality-by-Design (QbD) is demanded by regulatory authorities in biopharmaceutical
production. Within the QbD frame advanced process control (APC), facilitated through …

Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent deadly disease caused by the destruction and
dysfunction of pancreatic β cells that consequentially increased blood glucose levels. The …

Bacterial metabolites are one of the primary sources of drugs that we currently use to treat
several diseases. However, bacterial drug discovery and development is a challenging and …

Proteins are synthesized in heterologous systems because of the impossibility to obtain
satisfactory yields from natural sources. The efficient production of soluble and functional …

In the last two decades, bifunctional proteins have been created by genetic and protein
engineering methods to increase therapeutic effects in various diseases, including cancer …

Simple Summary Antibiotics are essential compounds to cope with bacterial infections.
However, their inadequate and excessive use has triggered the rapid arising of antimicrobial …