Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) appears to be a newly appreciated aspect of the
cellular organization of biomolecules that leads to the formation of membraneless …

Metal ions are fundamental to guarantee the regular physiological activity of the human
organism. Similarly, vitamins play a key role in many biological functions of the metabolism …

We report accelerated molecular dynamics simulations of α-Synuclein and its complex with
two Cu (II) ions bound to experimentally determined binding sites. Adding two Cu (II) ions …

Transition metal ions, such as copper, are indispensable components in the biological
system. Copper ions which primarily exist in two major oxidation states Cu (I) and Cu (II) play …

α-Synuclein (αSyn) constitutes the main protein component of Lewy bodies, which are the
pathologic hallmark in Parkinson's disease. αSyn is unstructured in solution but the …

The aberrant aggregation of α-synuclein (αS), a disordered protein primarily expressed in
neuronal cells, is strongly associated with the underlying mechanisms of Parkinson's …

The environment, containing pollutants, toxins, and transition metals (copper, iron,
manganese, and zinc), plays a critical role in neurodegenerative disease development …

Copper is involved in many physiological pathways and important biological processes as a
cofactor of several copper-dependent enzymes. Given the requirement for copper and its …

Protein aggregation results in an array of different size soluble oligomers and larger
insoluble fibrils. Insoluble fibrils were originally thought to cause neuronal cell deaths in …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the neurodegenerative disorders affecting millions of
people around the world. Alpha-synuclein (-syn) as the key protein in the pathogenesis of …