Melanoma, a lethal malignancy that arises from melanocytes, exhibits a multiplicity of clinico‐
pathologically distinct subtypes in sun‐exposed and non‐sun‐exposed areas. Melanocytes …

Diseases leading to retinal cell loss can cause severe visual impairment and blindness. The
lack of effective therapies to address retinal cell loss and the absence of intrinsic …

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are potential cell sources for regenerative medicine.
The iPSCs exhibit a preference for lineage differentiation to the donor cell type indicating the …

Despite enormous advances in the generation of organoids, robust and stable protocols of
organoids are still a major challenge to researchers. Research for assessing structures of …

Although MSCs grant pronounced potential for cell therapies, several factors, such as their
heterogeneity restrict their use. To overcome these limitations, iMSCs (MSCs derived from …

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)-and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)-derived
retinal organoids (ROs) are three-dimensional laminar structures that recapitulate the …

Stem cell therapies can potentially treat various retinal degenerative diseases, including age-
related macular degeneration (AMD) and inherited retinal diseases like retinitis pigmentosa …

Stargardt disease (STGD1) is an inherited retinopathy affecting approximately 1: 8000
individuals. It is characterised by biallelic mutations in ABCA4 and encodes a vital protein for …